نظام التجارة 2

Прокачай свои торговые навыки с TradeSystem2.
Одна из основных проблем типичного форекс трейдера & # 8212؛ желание получить мгновенные результаты. Все мы хотим сию же минуту уметь торговать прибыльно и без ошибок. Но проблема в том، что так не бывает.
Когда выпите на сцене искусного пианиста، или танцора، вам кажется، что они всю жизнь так играли / танцевали. Но вы не видите ГОДЫ тренировок، крови и пота، которые стоят за их результатами. Так же и в трейдинге. Без тренировок не обойтись.
Однако، есть способ сократить время. Срезать путь. Перехитрить систему.
Сегодня мы рассмотрим отличную программу & # 8212؛ тренажер форекс тренадера под названием ترادسيستم 2، позволяющую протестировать любую стратегию вручную، симулируя реальные торги. Вы сможете с помощью этой программы получить опыт торговли в несколько лет، всего за пару дней.
Итак، начнем с установки. Устанавливается утилита، которая технически является советником، также как и любой другой робот. См. универсальную инструкцию.
Отдельно стоит упомянуть сохранение шаблона с вашей стратегией، специально для данного тестера.
На график، на котором установлена ​​ваша ТС، добавляем пользовательский индикатор، который называется بوتون بانيل.
Ничего не произошло؟ Так и должно быть. На самом деле наша цель сейчас & # 8212؛ записать шаблон، который мы будем использовать при работе с тестером стратегий.
Заходим в шаблоны، - & غ؛ сохранить шаблон، называем данный шаблон tester. tpl، сохраняем его.
Применение тренажера на практике.
Переходим в окно & # 171؛ Тестер стратегий & # 187 ؛، выбираем появившийся новый советник в нашем списке & # 8212؛ تسستر. Подгружаем историю، нажав F2. Я буду тестировать пару يوروس.
Наши котировки загрузились и мы готовы приступать к тестированию. Нам необходимо выбрать валюту или какой-либо торговый актив، выбираем дату торгового тестирования، устанавливаем скорость визуализации. Можно ускорить тестирование، выбрав метод & # 171؛ по ценам открытия & # 187 ؛. Выбираем привычный для нас таймфрейм.
Итак، мы можем наблюдать панельку управления нашего советника и видим три линии на графике، их необходимо тут же отключить، нажав на серые кнопки нашей панельки. С помощью данного тестера стратегий можно протестировать абсолютно любую торговую систему.
Давайте попробуем это сделать. Первым делом конечно же выставим какой-либо лот، наживаем إنتر. Далее открываем сделку на понижение или повышение. Выставим тейк-профит и стоп-лосс، нажав на соответствующие кнопки. Выставились линии на графике، их необходимо немного подвигать. Стоп & # 8212؛ лосс и тейк профит необходимо зафиксировать، нажав кнопку تعديل.
Попробуем еще раз открыть сделку، но в обратном направлении. Нам нужно убрать опять линии، это важно. Нажимаем & # 171؛ продать & # 187 ؛، ставим стоп лосс، тейк профит، выбираем تعديل، ожидаем.
С помощью данного советника мы можем продолжить управлять нашими ордерами، просто перемещаясь по значению их إد номеров с помощью двух стрелочек.
Так же советник позволяет закрывать сделки согласно их идентификатору при нажатии кнопки كلوز.
Так же у нас есть еще две кнопки в панели управления тестером، это ОP и بي. Они отвечают за установку отложенных ордеров (أوب)، а также работу с переводом ордера в безубыток (بي).
Также، у нас есть кнопки، которые устанавливают график на паузу (нижняя кнопка на скрине ниже) и ставят автопаузу после каждой свечи (верхняя кнопка).
Открытые ордера и история сделок отображаются в окне & # 171؛ результаты & # 187؛ как во время теста، так и по окончании.
Заключение.
В целом я хотел бы отметить، что данный тестер & # 8212؛ одно из лучших решений، которые попадалось мне на рынке، более того، он абсолютно бесплатен، а все другие варианты которые я встречал были более сложны в использовании، установке، и конечно же стоят некоторую сумму средств. Как видите у меня на графике используются 3 скользящие средние، вы можете набросить на график абсолютно любой индикатор، как пользовательский (скачанный) так и стандартный، и тестировать любые стратегии с помощью TradeSystem 2.
Автором данной программы является наш форумчанин fv2500، за что ему огромнейшее спасибо.
ملاحظة вы также можете выразить благодарность автору программы، денежным образом & # 8212؛ вот его кошельки вебмани:
Скачать TradeSystem2.
Обсуждение на форуме.
С уважением، Алексей Вергунов.
Это действительно лучшее، что я видела :)
Павел، основываясь на своей практике، какой тестер по рекомендуете: فوريكس تيستر 2 или TradeSysem2.
Зависит от стратегии. Если торгуете несколько валютных пар، либо несколько таймфреймов одновременно & # 8212؛ اختبار الفوركس 2.
Если используете нестандартные индикаторы & # 8212؛ прогу из этого поста.
Плюс، в тестер 2 есть функция отмотать график назад & # 8212؛ для меня очень ценна.
Форекс тестер 2 позволяет отматывать график назад. к в и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и и..............................................................................
Какой билд терминала был был в записи؟
Что-то не работает؟
Спасибо. Всё работает. Просто у меня нет регулятора скорости в тестере стратегий как на видео. Сейчас буду качать свежий терминал.
Теперь в случае необходимости можно будет тестировать нестандартные индикаторы. Спасибо.
Молодцы، Спасибо Вам Большое.
На мой взгляд всё же بروترادر ​​лучше، но тут каждому своё & # 8230 ؛. Автору спасибо.
Варианты на то и варианты & # 8212؛ чтобы был выбор.
Сначала посмотри для чего нужен TradeSystem2، потом говори что лучше. Сравнил хрен с пальцем.
Ну если ты ничего круглее ведра не видел то я тут ни при чём. Ты сам то знаешь для чего что нужно؟ Или так чисто брякнуть что нибудь как бы умное. ПроТрейдер по функционалу значительно превосходит ТрэйдСистем2، но и тот и другой имеют один، но существенный недостаток، ото невозможность переключаться между ТФ. لقطة شاشة هل تريد ترجمة الوصف إلى اللغة العربية باستخدام الترجمة من غوغل؟ ترجم الوصف عكسيا إلى اللغة الإنجليزية. Он только для Д1 и то с некоторой оговоркой. Есть ещё старенький тестер & # 171؛ Симпл Форекс тестер & # 187 ؛، он то чем хуже؟ Скорость тестирования؟ да и тут она не айс если брать все тики. Зато симпл даёт возможность подключит ещё один график с нужным ТФ к графику тестирования. На сегодняшний момент нет ни одного полноценного тестера ручных стратегий в котором можно было бы одновременно: переключаться между ТФ، автоматически учитывать манименеджмент при тестировании тем самым сведя на нет человеческий фактор и возможность использовать свои или любые другие не стандартные индикаторы.
ЗЫ. прежде чем брать такой ник как у тебя узнай его значение просто хотя вбив в поисковик.
Извини я не прав.
Можно пожалуйста ссылочку на بروترادر.
офигеть как удобно، сказать спасибо наверное ничего не сказать & # 8230 ؛.
Спасибо большое за ваши труды!
данный тестер может любые индюки держать или только те что даны в нем؟
Спасибо، особенно за бесплатную возможность тестить с нестандартными индикаторами & # 8212؛ очень выручит в экспериментах в открытии / закрытии сделок.
Прошу проууия، что не совсем по теме، но когда я пытаюсь запустить тест، выводится сообщение & # 171؛ lasttest. chr لم يتم العثور على & # 187؛ & # 8212؛ что я делаю не так، подскажите пожалуйста؟
У меня есть тоже простенький бесплатный тестер. Как его сюда загрузить не знаю.
Для этого у нас есть форум:
при загрузке файла говорит вебстраница не доступна.
Ну залейте на файлообменник. Яндекс диск например.
загружаю сюда ссылку، она долго проверяется، а потом исчезает. на какой адрес отправить ссылку؟
Получилось что нибудь с сылкой؟ Интересно посмотреть.
Валерий так что там с ссылкой؟
Мдааааааааааааа & # 8230؛ Хорошо бы прокачать свой навык с такой девочкой. 🙂
Добрый день! А для ثينكرسويم есть что нибудь-подобное؟
а можно тут использовать несколько таймфреймов؟
Начал подробно повторять، в истории нет пары евродоллара، шаблон добавил как на видео، но он не появился в тестере стратегий، а выскакивает какой - то другой، куда пойти & # 8230؛ & #.куда податься 8230 ؛.
إذا كنت ترغب في الحصول على مزيد من المعلومات، يرجى زيارة الموقع الإلكتروني الخاص بك في أي مكان في أي وقت، في أي مكان؟ Если да، то где можно такой найти؟
да، называется трейлинг-стоп.
прям беда، выглядит хорошо и удобно (если учесть что он бесплатный)، но глючит не реально، максимум 2-3 сделки тестирует и панель нтеечает ни на какие действия ((
беда прям، на ويندو 8 глючит невыносимо просто، пара сделок и все، панель ни на что не реагирует (
Автор Тестера гений огромная благодарность. А также благодарность сайту и Алексею за обзор.
Тестер не правильно работает. Когда устанавливаешь риск на сделку، то лот выставляется не от размера стопа، а от размера тейка & # 8212؛ это можно изменить؟ Получается чем дальше ТП، тем меньше ставка، чем ближе & # 8212؛ тем выше.
Версия тестера обновлена ​​до 2.42.
а советник можно тестировать؟
в тестере не появляется опция визуализация. терминал последний. подскажите что сделать؟
Хорошая штука، TradeSystem2، СПАСИБО. Всем.
Здравствуйте، а у меня в МТ4 нет этого индюка и в поисковике какой-то другой، типа تف بانيل، подскажите как быть؟
МТ4-версия 4، билд 950.
Только у меня в таймфреймах нет Неделя и Месяц؟ Максимальный период в этом тестере & # 8212؛ Дневные؟ Как недельки протестить؟
Жалко только что индикаторы группы متف с изменяющимся таймфреймом не работают.
у меня не работает почему то، делал все по инструкции.
Искать на сайте.
Разделы.
Рекомендую.
Вы новичок؟ Скачайте бесплатный видеокурс!
Наша цель & # 8212؛ обучать простых людей торговле на валютном рынке فوريكس، а также предоставить все необходимые для успешной работы инструменты.

نظام الاتحاد الأوروبي لتجارة الانبعاثات (الاتحاد الأوروبي إتس)
وأوضح نظام الاتحاد الأوروبي لتجارة الانبعاثات.
ويعد نظام االتحاد األوروبي لتداول االنبعاثات) إيتس (حجر الزاوية في سياسة االتحاد األوروبي لمكافحة تغير المناخ وأداة رئيسية للحد من انبعاثات غازات الدفيئة من حيث التكلفة. هذا هو أول سوق الكربون الرئيسي في العالم ولا يزال أكبر واحد.
تعمل في 31 دولة (جميع دول الاتحاد الأوروبي البالغ عددها 28 دولة بالإضافة إلى أيسلندا وليختنشتاين والنرويج) تحد من الانبعاثات من أكثر من 11،000 منشأة تستخدم الطاقة الثقيلة (محطات توليد الكهرباء والمنشآت الصناعية) وتغطي شركات الطيران العاملة بين هذه البلدان حوالي 45٪ من غازات الدفيئة في الاتحاد الأوروبي الانبعاثات.
للحصول على نظرة عامة مفصلة، ​​انظر:
A 'كاب والتجارة' النظام.
تعمل إتس الاتحاد الأوروبي على مبدأ "الحد والتجارة".
يتم تحديد سقف على إجمالي كمية غازات الدفيئة معينة التي يمكن أن تنبعث من المنشآت التي يغطيها النظام. ويتم تخفيض الحد الأقصى بمرور الوقت بحيث ينخفض ​​إجمالي الانبعاثات.
وفي إطار الحد الأقصى، تتلقى الشركات أو تشتري بدلات الانبعاثات التي يمكن أن تتاجر بها مع بعضها البعض حسب الحاجة. ويمكنهم أيضا شراء كميات محدودة من القروض الدولية من مشاريع إنقاذ الانبعاثات في جميع أنحاء العالم. ويضمن الحد الأقصى لعدد البدلات المتاحة أن يكون لها قيمة.
وبعد كل سنة، يجب على الشركة أن تسلم ما يكفي من البدلات لتغطية جميع انبعاثاتها، وإلا فرضت غرامات كبيرة. وإذا خفضت الشركة انبعاثاتها، فإنها يمكن أن تحتفظ بدلات احتياطية لتغطية احتياجاتها المستقبلية أو أن تبيعها إلى شركة أخرى تقل عن المخصصات.
فالتجارة تجلب المرونة التي تضمن خفض الانبعاثات حيث تكلف أقل من ذلك. كما يعزز سعر الكربون القوي الاستثمار في التكنولوجيات النظيفة والمنخفضة الكربون.
الملامح الرئيسية للمرحلة 3 (2018-2020)
وقد أصبح الاتحاد الأوروبي للاتصالات الأوروبية الآن في مرحلته الثالثة - يختلف كثيرا عن المرحلتين 1 و 2.
التغييرات الرئيسية هي:
يتم تطبيق سقف واحد على مستوى الاتحاد الأوروبي على الانبعاثات بدلا من النظام السابق للقبعات الوطنية يعتبر المزاد هو الطريقة الافتراضية لتخصيص البدلات (بدلا من التخصيص المجاني)، وتنطبق قواعد التوزيع المنسقة على البدلات التي لا تزال تمنح مجانا. تضمنت الغازات 300 مليون بدلات خصصت في احتياطي المشردين الجدد لتمويل نشر تكنولوجيات مبتكرة للطاقة المتجددة واحتجاز الكربون وتخزينه من خلال برنامج 300 نر.
القطاعات والغازات المشمولة.
ويغطي النظام القطاعات والغازات التالية مع التركيز على الانبعاثات التي يمكن قياسها والإبلاغ عنها والتحقق منها بمستوى عال من الدقة:
من ثاني أكسيد الكربون (CO2) من قطاعات توليد الطاقة والطاقة الحرارية كثيفة الاستخدام للطاقة بما في ذلك مصافي النفط والأعمال الحديدية وإنتاج الحديد والألمنيوم والمعادن والاسمنت والجير والزجاج والسيراميك ولب الورق والورق والكرتون والأحماض والمواد الكيميائية العضوية السائبة أكسيد النيتروز التجاري (N 2 O) من إنتاج أحماض النيتريك والأديبيك والجليوكسيليك ومركبات الكربون الهيدروكلورية فلورية غليوكسال (بكس) من إنتاج الألومنيوم.
المشاركة في إتس الاتحاد الأوروبي إلزامية للشركات في هذه القطاعات، ولكن.
في بعض القطاعات فقط النباتات فوق حجم معين يتم تضمين بعض المنشآت الصغيرة يمكن استبعادها إذا وضعت الحكومات تدابير مالية أو غيرها من شأنها أن خفض انبعاثاتها من قبل ما يعادلها في قطاع الطيران، حتى عام 2018 ينطبق إتس الاتحاد الأوروبي فقط على الرحلات الجوية بين المطارات الواقعة في المنطقة الاقتصادية الأوروبية (إيا).
تقديم تخفيضات في الانبعاثات.
وقد أثبتت إتس الاتحاد الأوروبي أن وضع سعر على الكربون والتداول في ذلك يمكن أن تعمل. وتنخفض الانبعاثات من المنشآت في المخطط حسب الغرض - بنحو 5٪ مقارنة مع بداية المرحلة 3 (2018) (انظر أرقام 2018).
وفي عام 2020، ستكون الانبعاثات من القطاعات التي يغطيها النظام أقل بنسبة 21 في المائة عما كانت عليه في عام 2005.
تطوير سوق الكربون.
أنشئت في عام 2005، والاتحاد الأوروبي إتس هو أول وأكبر نظام دولي للانبعاثات الانبعاثات في العالم، وهو ما يمثل أكثر من ثلاثة أرباع التجارة الدولية للكربون.
كما تلهم إتس الاتحاد الأوروبي تطوير تجارة الانبعاثات في بلدان ومناطق أخرى. ويهدف الاتحاد الأوروبي إلى ربط إتس الاتحاد الأوروبي مع أنظمة أخرى متوافقة.
التشريعات الرئيسية للاتحاد الأوروبي بشأن التجارة الإلكترونية.
30/04/2017 - نسخة موحدة من التوجيه 2003/87 / إيك للبرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس الذي ينشئ مخططا لتداول بدل انبعاث غازات الدفيئة داخل الجماعة وتعديل توجيه المجلس رقم 96/61 / إيك 23/04/2009 - التوجيه رقم 2009/29 / إيك الصادر عن البرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس الأوروبي المعدل للتوجيه 2003/87 / إيك من أجل تحسين وتوسيع نطاق خطة تداول بدل غازات الدفيئة في الجماعة 19/11/2008 - التوجيه 2008/101 / إيك والبرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس الذي يعدل التوجيه 2003/87 / إيك بحيث يشمل أنشطة الطيران في مخطط تداول بدل غازات الدفيئة داخل الجماعة 27/10/2004 - الأمر التوجيهي 2004/101 / إيك الصادر عن البرلمان الأوروبي و المجلس الذي يعدل التوجيه 2003/87 / إيك الذي ينشئ خطة لتداول بدل انبعاث غازات الدفيئة داخل الجماعة فيما يتعلق بآليات مشروع بروتوكول كيوتو 13/10/2003 - الأمر التوجيهي 2003/87 / إيك الصادر عن البرلمان الأوروبي والاتحاد الأوروبي نيل التي تضع مخططا لتداول بدل انبعاث غازات الدفيئة داخل الجماعة وتعديل توجيه المجلس 96/61 / إيك.
تقارير سوق الكربون.
23/11/2017 - كوم (2017) 693 - تقرير عن أداء سوق الكربون الأوروبي 01/02/2017 - كوم (2017) 48 - تقرير عن أداء سوق الكربون الأوروبي 18/11/2018 - كوم 2018) 576 - تقرير عن أداء سوق الكربون الأوروبي 14/11/2018 - كوم (2018) 652 - حالة سوق الكربون الأوروبي في عام 2018.
تنقيح إتس للاتحاد الأوروبي للمرحلة 3.
04/02/2018 - استنتاجات المجلس الأوروبي المؤرخة 4 شباط / فبراير 2018 (انظر الاستنتاجين 23 و 24) 18/03/2018 - إرشادات بشأن تفسير المرفق الأول لتوجيه الاتحاد الأوروبي بشأن التجارة الإلكترونية (باستثناء أنشطة الطيران) 18/03/2018 - إرشادات ورقة تعريفية لمولدات الكهرباء 06/04/2009 - بيان صحفي صادر عن المجلس حول اعتماد مجموعة المناخ والطاقة 12/12/2008 - استنتاجات رئاسة المجلس الأوروبي (11 و 12 ديسمبر 2008) 12/12/2008 - المجلس الأوروبي بيان بشأن استخدام عائدات المزادات 23/01/2008 - اقتراح بتوجيه من البرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس بتعديل التوجيه 2003/87 / إيك من أجل تحسين وتوسيع نظام تداول بدل غازات الدفيئة في المجتمع 23 / 01/2008 - وثيقة عمل موظفي اللجنة - وثيقة مصاحبة للاقتراح الخاص بتوجيه للبرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس المعدل للتوجيه 2003/87 / إيك من أجل تحسين وتوسيع نطاق نظام الاتحاد الأوروبي لبدل انبعاثات غازات الدفيئة - تقييم الأثر.
التنفيذ.
04/07/2018 - مشروع لائحة تنظيمية بشأن تحديد الاستحقاقات الائتمانية الدولية 05/06/2018 - مشروع لائحة بشأن تحديد استحقاقات الائتمان الدولي 05/05/2018 لائحة المفوضية رقم الاتحاد الأوروبي رقم 389/2018 بتاريخ 2 مايو 2018 بشأن إنشاء السجل الاتحادي إلى التوجيه رقم 2003/87 / إيك الصادر عن البرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس الأوروبي، والمرسومين رقم 280/2004 / إيك رقم 406/2009 / إيك للبرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس الأوروبي، وإلغاء لائحة المفوضية الأوروبية رقم 920/2018 و لا 1193/2018 نص ذو صلة بالمنطقة الاقتصادية الأوروبية 18/11/2018 - لائحة اللجنة التي تنشئ سجل الاتحاد لفترة التداول التي تبدأ في 1 يناير 2018 وفترات التداول اللاحقة من مخطط الإتجار في الانبعاثات بالاتحاد وفقا للتوجيه 2003/87 / إيك والبرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس، والمقرر 280/2004 / إيك الصادر عن البرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس الأوروبي، وتعديل اللائحة التنفيذية رقم 2216/2004 والاتحاد الأوروبي رقم 920/2018 - لم تنشر بعد في الجريدة الرسمية 07 / 10/2018 - كوميسيون ريجول (الاتحاد الأوروبي) رقم 920/2018 لنظام موحد ومضمون للسجلات عملا بالتوجيه 2003/87 / إيك الصادر عن البرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس الأوروبي والقرار رقم 280/2004 / إيك الصادر عن البرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس - بما في ذلك التغييرات التي أدخلتها لائحة 18 نوفمبر 2018 08/10/2008 - لائحة المفوضية (إيك) رقم 994/2008 لنظام موحد ومضمون من السجلات وفقا للتوجيه 2003/87 / إيك للبرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس الأوروبي - القرار رقم 280/2004 / إيك الصادر عن البرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس - الإصدار الساري حتى 31 ديسمبر 2018 26/10/2007 - قرار اللجنة المشتركة للمنطقة الاقتصادية الأوروبية رقم 146/2007 الذي يربط الاتحاد الأوروبي بالإنكليزية إتس مع النرويج وأيسلندا وليختنشتاين 13/11 / 2006 - قرار اللجنة 2006/780 / إيك بشأن تجنب الازدواجية المزدوجة لانبعاثات غازات الدفيئة في إطار خطة الجماعة المعنية بتداول الانبعاثات لأنشطة المشاريع بموجب بروتوكول كيوتو عملا بالتوجيه 2003/87 / إيك الصادر عن البرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس (ن) (2006) 5362) 21/12/2004 - نسخة موحدة من لائحة المفوضية (إيك) رقم 2216/2004 بشأن نظام موحد ومضمون للسجلات معدلة بموجب لائحة المفوضية رقم 916/2007 المؤرخة 31 يوليو / تموز 2007، لائحة المفوضية (إيك) رقم 994/2008 المؤرخة 8 أكتوبر 2008 ولائحة المفوضية (يو) رقم 920/2018 المؤرخة 7 أكتوبر 2018 - نسخة لا تشمل التغييرات التي أدخلتها لائحة 18 نوفمبر 2018.
تطبيق ضريبة القيمة المضافة.
التاريخ التشريعي للتوجيه 2003/87 / إيك.
العمل قبل اقتراح اللجنة.
08/02/2000 - كوم (2000) 87 - ورقة خضراء بشأن الاتجار بانبعاثات غازات الدفيئة في إطار الاتحاد الأوروبي ولاية ونتائج الفريق العامل الأول التابع للجنة إكب: الآليات المرنة 04/09/2001 - المحضر الموجز لاجتماع التشاور مع أصحاب المصلحة (مع الصناعة والمنظمات غير الحكومية البيئية) 19/05/1999 - كوم (1999) 230 - التحضير لتنفيذ بروتوكول كيوتو 03/06/1998 - كوم (1998) 353 - تغير المناخ - نحو استراتيجية ما بعد كيوتو للاتحاد الأوروبي نطاق إتس للاتحاد الأوروبي : 07/2007 - المنشآت الصغيرة داخل الاتحاد الأوروبي نظام تداول الانبعاثات 10/2006 - إدراج أنشطة إضافية والغازات في الاتحاد الأوروبي نظام تداول الانبعاثات مزيد من المواءمة وزيادة القدرة على التنبؤ: 12/2006 - النهج إلى الداخلين الجدد والإغلاق 10/2006 - مزاد بدائل انبعاث ثاني أآسيد الكربون في الاتحاد الأوروبي إتس 10/2006 - مواءمة منهجيات التخصيص 12/2006 - تقرير عن القدرة التنافسية الدولية فريق عمل إكب المعني بتداول الانبعاثات في استعراض إتس للاتحاد الأوروبي 15/06/2007 - التقرير النهائي للمي 4 بشأن الربط مع أنظمة تجارة الانبعاثات في الدول الثالثة 22/05/2007 - التقرير النهائي للاجتماع الثالث حول مزيد من المواءمة وزيادة القدرة على التنبؤ 26/04/2007 - التقرير النهائي للاجتماع الثاني حول الامتثال الصارم وإنفاذ القانون 09/03/2007 - التقرير النهائي للاجتماع الأول بشأن نطاق التوجيه.
أكتوبر 2001.
22/01/2002 - ورقة غير رسمية عن أوجه التآزر بين اقتراح المفوضية الأوروبية بشأن الاتجار بالانبعاثات (كوم (2001) 581) وتوجيه الاتفاقية الدولية لوقاية النباتات 23/10/2001 - كوم (2001) 581 - اقتراح بشأن توجيه إطاري لتداول انبعاثات غازات الدفيئة داخل الجماعة الأوروبية.
رد فعل اللجنة على قراءة الاقتراح في المجلس والبرلمان (بما في ذلك الموقف المشترك للمجلس)
18/07/2003 - كوم (2003) 463 - رأي اللجنة بشأن تعديلات البرلمان الأوروبي على الموقف المشترك للمجلس بشأن اقتراح توجيه البرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس الأوروبي 20/06/2003 - كوم (2003) 364 - الاتصال باللجنة إلى البرلمان الأوروبي بشأن الموقف المشترك للمجلس بشأن اعتماد توجيه يضع مخططا لتداول بدل انبعاثات غازات الدفيئة داخل الجماعة وتعديل توجيه المجلس 96/61 / إيك 18/03/2003 - الموقف المشترك (إيك ) لا 28/2003 - الموقف المشترك للمجلس بشأن اعتماد توجيه يضع مخططا لتداول بدل انبعاثات غازات الدفيئة داخل الجماعة وتعديل توجيه المجلس 96/61 / إيك 27/11/2002 - كوم (2002) 680 - اقتراح معدل لتوجيه من البرلمان الأوروبي والمجلس يضع مخططا لتداول بدل انبعاث غازات الدفيئة داخل الجماعة وتعديل توجيه المجلس 96/61 / إيك فاق.
افتح جميع الأسئلة.
أسئلة وأجوبة بشأن نظام الاتحاد الأوروبي المنقح لتداول الانبعاثات (كانون الأول / ديسمبر 2008)
ما هو الهدف من تداول الانبعاثات؟
والهدف من نظام االتحاد األوروبي لتداول االنبعاثات هو مساعدة الدول األعضاء في االتحاد األوروبي على تحقيق التزاماتها للحد من انبعاثات غازات الدفيئة أو الحد منها بطريقة فعالة من حيث التكلفة. والسماح للشركات المشاركة بشراء أو بيع بدلات الانبعاثات يعني أن التخفيضات في الانبعاثات يمكن تحقيقها بأقل تكلفة.
وتعتبر إتس الاتحاد الأوروبي حجر الأساس لاستراتيجية الاتحاد الأوروبي لمكافحة تغير المناخ. وهو أول نظام تجاري دولي لانبعاثات ثاني أكسيد الكربون في العالم، وقد بدأ العمل به منذ عام 2005. واعتبارا من الأول من يناير / كانون الثاني 2008، فإنه لا ينطبق فقط على الدول الأعضاء في الاتحاد الأوروبي البالغ عددها 27 دولة، وإنما ينطبق أيضا على الأعضاء الثلاثة الآخرين في المنطقة الاقتصادية الأوروبية - النرويج وأيسلندا وليختنشتاين. وهي تغطي حاليا أكثر من 000 10 منشأة في قطاعي الطاقة والصناعة وهما مسؤولان جماعيا عن ما يقرب من نصف انبعاثات الاتحاد الأوروبي من ثاني أكسيد الكربون و 40 في المائة من مجموع انبعاثات غازات الدفيئة. ومن شأن إدخال تعديل على توجيه الاتحاد الأوروبي بشأن التجارة الإلكترونية المتفق عليه في تموز / يوليه 2008 أن يجلب قطاع الطيران إلى النظام اعتبارا من عام 2018.
كيف يعمل تداول الانبعاثات؟
و إتس الاتحاد الأوروبي هو نظام "سقف والتجارة"، وهذا يعني أنه يحد من المستوى العام للانبعاثات المسموح بها ولكن، في حدود هذا، يسمح للمشاركين في النظام لشراء وبيع البدلات كما تتطلب. هذه البدلات هي "عملة" التداول المشتركة في قلب النظام. يمنح أحد البدلات لصاحب الحق الحق في انبعاث طن واحد من ثاني أكسيد الكربون أو ما يعادله من غازات الدفيئة الأخرى. ويؤدي الحد الأقصى لعدد البدلات إلى نشوء ندرة في السوق.
وفي فترة التداول الأولى والثانية في إطار هذا المخطط، كان على الدول الأعضاء أن تضع خططا وطنية للتخصيص تحدد المستوى الكلي لانبعاثاتها، وكم عدد البدلات التي تصدرها كل منشأة في بلدها. وفي نهاية كل سنة يجب أن تسلم المنشآت بدلات تعادل انبعاثاتها. ويمكن للشركات التي تبقي انبعاثاتها دون مستوى بدلاتها أن تبيع بدلاتها الزائدة. ويواجه أولئك الذين يواجهون صعوبة في الحفاظ على انبعاثاتهم وفقا لبدلاتهم خيارا بين اتخاذ تدابير للحد من انبعاثاتهم الخاصة - مثل الاستثمار في تكنولوجيا أكثر كفاءة أو استخدام مصادر طاقة أقل كثافة من الكربون - أو شراء البدلات الإضافية التي يحتاجونها في السوق ، أو مزيج من الاثنين. ومن المرجح أن تحدد هذه الخيارات بتكاليف نسبية. وبهذه الطريقة، تخفض الانبعاثات حيثما يكون ذلك أكثر فعالية من حيث التكلفة.
كم من الوقت كان الاتحاد الأوروبي إتس تعمل؟
تم إطلاق إتس الاتحاد الأوروبي في 1 يناير 2005. استمرت فترة التداول الأولى لمدة ثلاث سنوات حتى نهاية عام 2007 وكانت مرحلة "التعلم بالممارسة" للتحضير لفترة التداول الثانية الحاسمة. The second trading period began on 1 January 2008 and runs for five years until the end of 2018. The importance of the second trading period stems from the fact that it coincides with the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, during which the EU and other industrialised countries must meet their targets to limit or reduce greenhouse gas emissions. For the second trading period EU ETS emissions have been capped at around 6.5% below 2005 levels to help ensure that the EU as a whole, and Member States individually, deliver on their Kyoto commitments.
What are the main lessons learned from experience so far?
The EU ETS has put a price on carbon and proved that trading in greenhouse gas emissions works. The first trading period successfully established the free trading of emission allowances across the EU, put in place the necessary infrastructure and developed a dynamic carbon market. The environmental benefit of the first phase may be limited due to excessive allocation of allowances in some Member States and some sectors, due mainly to a reliance on emission projections before verified emissions data became available under the EU ETS. When the publication of verified emissions data for 2005 highlighted this “over-allocation”, the market reacted as would be expected by lowering the market price of allowances. The availability of verified emissions data has allowed the Commission to ensure that the cap on national allocations under the second phase is set at a level that results in real emission reductions.
Besides underlining the need for verified data, experience so far has shown that greater harmonisation within the EU ETS is imperative to ensure that the EU achieves its emissions reductions objectives at least cost and with minimal competitive distortions. The need for more harmonisation is clearest with respect to how the cap on overall emission allowances is set.
The first two trading periods also show that widely differing national methods for allocating allowances to installations threaten fair competition in the internal market. Furthermore, greater harmonisation, clarification and refinement are needed with respect to the scope of the system, the access to credits from emission-reduction projects outside the EU, the conditions for linking the EU ETS to emissions trading systems elsewhere and the monitoring, verification and reporting requirements.
What are the main changes to the EU ETS and as of when will they apply?
The agreed design changes will apply as of the third trading period, i. e. January 2018. While preparatory work will be initiated immediately, the applicable rules will not change until January 2018 to ensure that regulatory stability is maintained.
The EU ETS in the third period will be a more efficient, more harmonised and fairer system.
Increased efficiency is achieved by means of a longer trading period (8 years instead of 5 years), a robust and annually declining emissions cap (21% reduction in 2020 compared to 2005) and a substantial increase in the amount of auctioning (from less than 4% in phase 2 to more than half in phase 3).
More harmonisation has been agreed in many areas, including with respect to the cap-setting (an EU-wide cap instead of the national caps in phases 1 and 2) and the rules for transitional free allocation.
The fairness of the system has been substantially increased by the move towards EU-wide free allocation rules for industrial installations and by the introduction of a redistribution mechanism that entitles new Member States to auction more allowances.
How does the final text compare to the initial Commission proposal?
The climate and energy targets agreed by the 2007 Spring European Council have been maintained and the overall architecture of the Commission's proposal on the EU ETS remains intact. That is to say that there will be one EU-wide cap on the number of emission allowances and this cap will decrease annually along a linear trend line, which will continue beyond the end of the third trading period (2018-2020). The main difference as compared to the proposal is that auctioning of allowances will be phased in more slowly.
What are the main changes compared to the Commission's proposal?
In summary, the main changes that have been made to the proposal are as follows:
Certain Member States are allowed an optional and temporary derogation from the rule that no allowances are to be allocated free of charge to electricity generators as of 2018. This option to derogate is available to Member States which fulfil certain conditions related to the interconnectivity of their electricity grid, share of a single fossil fuel in electricity production, and GDP/capita in relation to the EU-27 average. In addition, the amount of free allowances that a Member State can allocate to power plants is limited to 70% of carbon dioxide emissions of relevant plants in phase 1 and declines in the years thereafter. Furthermore free allocation in phase 3 can only be given to power plants that are operational or under construction no later than end 2008. See reply to question 15 below. There will be more details in the Directive on the criteria to be used to determine the sectors or sub-sectors deemed to be exposed to a significant risk of carbon leakage , and an earlier date of publication of the Commission's list of such sectors (31 December 2009). Moreover, subject to review when a satisfactory international agreement is reached, installations in all exposed industries will receive 100% free allowances to the extent that they use the most efficient technology. The free allocation to industry is limited to the share of these industries' emissions in total emissions in 2005 to 2007. The total number of allowances allocated for free to installations in industry sectors will decline annually in line with the decline of the emissions cap. Member States may also compensate certain installations for CO 2 costs passed on in electricity prices if the CO 2 costs might otherwise expose them to the risk of carbon leakage. The Commission has undertaken to modify the Community guidelines on state aid for environmental protection in this respect. See reply to question 15 below. The level of auctioning of allowances for non-exposed industry will increase in a linear manner as proposed by the Commission, but rather than reaching 100% by 2020 it will reach 70%, with a view to reaching 100% by 2027. As foreseen in the Commission's proposal, 10% of the allowances for auctioning will be redistributed from Member States with high per capita income to those with low per capita income in order to strengthen the financial capacity of the latter to invest in climate friendly technologies. A provision has been added for another redistributive mechanism of 2% of auctioned allowances to take into account Member States which in 2005 had achieved a reduction of at least 20% in greenhouse gas emissions compared with the reference year set by the Kyoto Protocol. The share of auctioning revenues that Member States are recommended to use to fight and adapt to climate change mainly within the EU, but also in developing countries, is raised from 20% to 50%. The text provides for a top-up to the proposed permitted level of use of JI/CDM credits in the 20% scenario for existing operators that received the lowest budgets to import and use such credits in relation to allocations and access to credits in the period 2008-2018. New sectors, new entrants in the periods 2018-2020 and 2008-2018 will also be able to use credits. The total amount of credits that may be used will, however, not exceed 50% of the reduction between 2008 and 2020. Based on a stricter emissions reduction in the context of a satisfactory international agreement, the Commission could allow additional access to CERs and ERUs for operators in the Community scheme. See reply to question 20 below. The proceeds from auctioning 300 million allowances from the new entrants reserve will be used to support up to 12 carbon capture and storage demonstration projects and projects demonstrating innovative renewable energy technologies. A number of conditions are attached to this financing mechanism. See reply to question 30 below. The possibility to opt-out small combustion installations provided they are subject to equivalent measures has been extended to cover all small installations irrespective of activity, the emission threshold has been raised from 10,000 to 25,000 tonnes of CO 2 per year, and the capacity threshold that combustion installations have to fulfil in addition has been raised from 25MW to 35MW. With these increased thresholds, the share of covered emissions that would potentially be excluded from the emissions trading system becomes significant, and consequently a provision has been added to allow for a corresponding reduction of the EU-wide cap on allowances.
Will there still be national allocation plans (NAPs)?
No. In their NAPs for the first (2005-2007) and the second (2008-2018) trading periods, Member States determined the total quantity of allowances to be issued – the cap – and how these would be allocated to the installations concerned. This approach has generated significant differences in allocation rules, creating an incentive for each Member State to favour its own industry, and has led to great complexity.
As from the third trading period, there will be a single EU-wide cap and allowances will be allocated on the basis of harmonised rules. National allocation plans will therefore not be needed any more.
How will the emission cap in phase 3 be determined?
The rules for calculating the EU-wide cap are as follows:
From 2018, the total number of allowances will decrease annually in a linear manner. The starting point of this line is the average total quantity of allowances (phase 2 cap) to be issued by Member States for the 2008-12 period, adjusted to reflect the broadened scope of the system from 2018 as well as any small installations that Member States have chosen to exclude. The linear factor by which the annual amount shall decrease is 1.74% in relation to the phase 2 cap.
The starting point for determining the linear factor of 1.74% is the 20% overall reduction of greenhouse gases compared to 1990, which is equivalent to a 14% reduction compared to 2005. However, a larger reduction is required of the EU ETS because it is cheaper to reduce emissions in the ETS sectors. The division that minimises overall reduction cost amounts to:
a 21% reduction in EU ETS sector emissions compared to 2005 by 2020; a reduction of around 10% compared to 2005 for the sectors that are not covered by the EU ETS.
The 21% reduction in 2020 results in an ETS cap in 2020 of a maximum of 1720 million allowances and implies an average phase 3 cap (2018 to 2020) of some 1846 million allowances and a reduction of 11% compared to the phase 2 cap.
All absolute figures indicated correspond to the coverage at the start of the second trading period and therefore don't take account of aviation, which will be added in 2018, and other sectors that will be added in phase 3.
The final figures for the annual emission caps in phase 3 will be determined and published by the Commission by 30 September 2018.
How will the emission cap beyond phase 3 be determined?
The linear factor of 1.74% used to determine the phase 3 cap will continue to apply beyond the end of the trading period in 2020 and will determine the cap for the fourth trading period (2021 to 2028) and beyond. It may be revised by 2025 at the latest. In fact, significant emission reductions of 60%-80% compared to 1990 will be necessary by 2050 to reach the strategic objective of limiting the global average temperature increase to not more than 2°C above pre-industrial levels.
An EU-wide cap on emission allowances will be determined for each individual year. Will this reduce flexibility for the installations concerned?
No, flexibility for installations will not be reduced at all. In any year, the allowances to be auctioned and distributed have to be issued by the competent authorities by 28 February. The last date for operators to surrender allowances is 30 April of the year following the year in which the emissions took place. So operators receive allowances for the current year before they have to surrender allowances to cover their emissions for the previous year. Allowances remain valid throughout the trading period and any surplus allowances can now be "banked" for use in subsequent trading periods. In this respect nothing will change.
The system will remain based on trading periods, but the third trading period will last eight years, from 2018 to 2020, as opposed to five years for the second phase from 2008 to 2018.
For the second trading period Member States generally decided to allocate equal total quantities of allowances for each year. The linear decrease each year from 2018 will correspond better to expected emissions trends over the period.
What are the tentative annual ETS cap figures for the period 2018 to 2020?
The tentative annual cap figures are as follows:
These figures are based on the scope of the ETS as applicable in phase 2 (2008 to 2018), and the Commission's decisions on the national allocation plans for phase 2, amounting to 2083 million tonnes. These figures will be adjusted for several reasons. Firstly, adjustment will be made to take into account the extensions of the scope in phase 2, provided that Member States substantiate and verify their emissions accruing from these extensions. Secondly, adjustment will be made with respect to further extensions of the scope of the ETS in the third trading period. Thirdly, any opt-out of small installations will lead to a corresponding reduction of the cap. Fourthly, the figures do not take account of the inclusion of aviation, nor of emissions from Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein.
Will allowances still be allocated for free?
نعم فعلا. Industrial installations will receive transitional free allocation. And in those Member States that are eligible for the optional derogation, power plants may, if the Member State so decides, also receive free allowances. It is estimated that at least half of the available allowances as of 2018 will be auctioned.
While the great majority of allowances has been allocated free of charge to installations in the first and second trading periods, the Commission proposed that auctioning of allowances should become the basic principle for allocation. This is because auctioning best ensures the efficiency, transparency and simplicity of the system and creates the greatest incentive for investments in a low-carbon economy. It best complies with the “polluter pays principle” and avoids giving windfall profits to certain sectors that have passed on the notional cost of allowances to their customers despite receiving them for free.
How will allowances be handed out for free?
By 31 December 2018, the Commission will adopt EU-wide rules, which will be developed under a committee procedure (“Comitology”). These rules will fully harmonise allocations and thus all firms across the EU with the same or similar activities will be subject to the same rules. The rules will ensure as far as possible that the allocation promotes carbon-efficient technologies. The adopted rules provide that to the extent feasible, allocations are to be based on so-called benchmarks, e. g. a number of allowances per quantity of historical output. Such rules reward operators that have taken early action to reduce greenhouse gases, better reflect the polluter pays principle and give stronger incentives to reduce emissions, as allocations would no longer depend on historical emissions. All allocations are to be determined before the start of the third trading period and no ex-post adjustments will be allowed.
Which installations will receive free allocations and which will not? How will negative impacts on competitiveness be avoided?
Taking into account their ability to pass on the increased cost of emission allowances, full auctioning is the rule from 2018 onwards for electricity generators. However, Member States who fulfil certain conditions relating to their interconnectivity or their share of fossil fuels in electricity production and GDP per capita in relation to the EU-27 average, have the option to temporarily deviate from this rule with respect to existing power plants. The auctioning rate in 2018 is to be at least 30% in relation to emissions in the first period and has to increase progressively to 100% no later than 2020. If the option is applied, the Member State has to undertake to invest in improving and upgrading of the infrastructure, in clean technologies and in diversification of their energy mix and sources of supply for an amount to the extent possible equal to the market value of the free allocation.
In other sectors, allocations for free will be phased out progressively from 2018, with Member States agreeing to start at 20% auctioning in 2018, increasing to 70% auctioning in 2020 with a view to reaching 100% in 2027. However, an exception will be made for installations in sectors that are found to be exposed to a significant risk of 'carbon leakage'. This risk could occur if the EU ETS increased production costs so much that companies decided to relocate production to areas outside the EU that are not subject to comparable emission constraints. The Commission will determine the sectors concerned by 31 December 2009. To do this, the Commission will assess inter alia whether the direct and indirect additional production costs induced by the implementation of the ETS Directive as a proportion of gross value added exceed 5% and whether the total value of its exports and imports divided by the total value of its turnover and imports exceeds 10%. If the result for either of these criteria exceeds 30%, the sector would also be considered to be exposed to a significant risk of carbon leakage. Installations in these sectors would receive 100% of their share in the annually declining total quantity of allowances for free. The share of these industries' emissions is determined in relation to total ETS emissions in 2005 to 2007.
CO 2 costs passed on in electricity prices could also expose certain installations to the risk of carbon leakage. In order to avoid such risk, Member States may grant a compensation with respect to such costs. In the absence of an international agreement on climate change, the Commission has undertaken to modify the Community guidelines on state aid for environmental protection in this respect.
Under an international agreement which ensures that competitors in other parts of the world bear a comparable cost, the risk of carbon leakage may well be negligible. Therefore, by 30 June 2018, the Commission will carry out an in-depth assessment of the situation of energy-intensive industry and the risk of carbon leakage, in the light of the outcome of the international negotiations and also taking into account any binding sectoral agreements that may have been concluded. The report will be accompanied by any proposals considered appropriate. These could potentially include maintaining or adjusting the proportion of allowances received free of charge to industrial installations that are particularly exposed to global competition or including importers of the products concerned in the ETS.
Who will organise the auctions and how will they be carried out?
Member States will be responsible for ensuring that the allowances given to them are auctioned. Each Member State has to decide whether it wants to develop its own auctioning infrastructure and platform or whether it wants to cooperate with other Member States to develop regional or EU-wide solutions. The distribution of the auctioning rights to Member States is largely based on emissions in phase 1 of the EU ETS, but a part of the rights will be redistributed from richer Member States to poorer ones to take account of the lower GDP per head and higher prospects for growth and emissions among the latter. It is still the case that 10% of the rights to auction allowances will be redistributed from Member States with high per capita income to those with low per capita income in order to strengthen the financial capacity of the latter to invest in climate friendly technologies. However, a provision has been added for another redistributive mechanism of 2% to take into account Member States which in 2005 had achieved a reduction of at least 20% in greenhouse gas emissions compared with the reference year set by the Kyoto Protocol. Nine Member States benefit from this provision.
Any auctioning must respect the rules of the internal market and must therefore be open to any potential buyer under non-discriminatory conditions. By 30 June 2018, the Commission will adopt a Regulation (through the comitology procedure) that will provide the appropriate rules and conditions for ensuring efficient, coordinated auctions without disturbing the allowance market.
How many allowances will each Member State auction and how is this amount determined?
All allowances which are not allocated free of charge will be auctioned. A total of 88% of allowances to be auctioned by each Member State is distributed on the basis of the Member State's share of historic emissions under the EU ETS. For purposes of solidarity and growth, 12% of the total quantity is distributed in a way that takes into account GDP per capita and the achievements under the Kyoto-Protocol.
Which sectors and gases are covered as of 2018?
The ETS covers installations performing specified activities. Since the start it has covered, above certain capacity thresholds, power stations and other combustion plants, oil refineries, coke ovens, iron and steel plants and factories making cement, glass, lime, bricks, ceramics, pulp, paper and board. As for greenhouse gases, it currently only covers carbon dioxide emissions, with the exception of the Netherlands, which has opted in emissions from nitrous oxide.
As from 2018, the scope of the ETS will be extended to also include other sectors and greenhouse gases. CO 2 emissions from petrochemicals, ammonia and aluminium will be included, as will N2O emissions from the production of nitric, adipic and glyocalic acid production and perfluorocarbons from the aluminium sector. The capture, transport and geological storage of all greenhouse gas emissions will also be covered. These sectors will receive allowances free of charge according to EU-wide rules, in the same way as other industrial sectors already covered.
As of 2018, aviation will also be included in the EU ETS.
Will small installations be excluded from the scope?
A large number of installations emitting relatively low amounts of CO 2 are currently covered by the ETS and concerns have been raised over the cost-effectiveness of their inclusion. As from 2018, Member States will be allowed to remove these installations from the ETS under certain conditions. The installations concerned are those whose reported emissions were lower than 25 000 tonnes of CO 2 equivalent in each of the 3 years preceding the year of application. For combustion installations, an additional capacity threshold of 35MW applies. In addition Member States are given the possibility to exclude installations operated by hospitals. The installations may be excluded from the ETS only if they will be covered by measures that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions.
How many emission credits from third countries will be allowed?
For the second trading period, Member States allowed their operators to use significant quantities of credits generated by emission-saving projects undertaken in third countries to cover part of their emissions in the same way as they use ETS allowances. The revised Directive extends the rights to use these credits for the third trading period and allows a limited additional quantity to be used in such a way that the overall use of credits is limited to 50% of the EU-wide reductions over the period 2008-2020. For existing installations, and excluding new sectors within the scope, this will represent a total level of access of approximately 1.6 billion credits over the period 2008-2020. In practice, this means that existing operators will be able to use credits up to a minimum of 11% of their allocation during the period 2008-2018, while a top-up is foreseen for operators with the lowest sum of free allocation and allowed use of credits in the 2008-2018 period. New sectors and new entrants in the third trading period will have a guaranteed minimum access of 4.5% of their verified emissions during the period 2018-2020. For the aviation sector, the minimum access will be 1.5%. The precise percentages will be determined through comitology.
These projects must be officially recognised under the Kyoto Protocol’s Joint Implementation (JI) mechanism (covering projects carried out in countries with an emissions reduction target under the Protocol) or Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) (for projects undertaken in developing countries). Credits from JI projects are known as Emission Reduction Units (ERUs) while those from CDM projects are called Certified Emission Reductions (CERs).
On the quality side only credits from project types eligible for use in the EU trading scheme during the period 2008-2018 will be accepted in the period 2018-2020. Furthermore, from 1 January 2018 measures may be applied to restrict the use of specific credits from project types. Such a quality control mechanism is needed to assure the environmental and economic integrity of future project types.
To create greater flexibility, and in the absence of an international agreement being concluded by 31 December 2009, credits could be used in accordance with agreements concluded with third countries. The use of these credits should however not increase the overall number beyond 50% of the required reductions. Such agreements would not be required for new projects that started from 2018 onwards in Least Developed Countries.
Based on a stricter emissions reduction in the context of a satisfactory international agreement , additional access to credits could be allowed, as well as the use of additional types of project credits or other mechanisms created under the international agreement. However, once an international agreement has been reached, from January 2018 onwards only credits from projects in third countries that have ratified the agreement or from additional types of project approved by the Commission will be eligible for use in the Community scheme.
Will it be possible to use credits from carbon ‘sinks’ like forests?
No. Before making its proposal, the Commission analysed the possibility of allowing credits from certain types of land use, land-use change and forestry (‘LULUCF’) projects which absorb carbon from the atmosphere. It concluded that doing so could undermine the environmental integrity of the EU ETS, for the following reasons:
LULUCF projects cannot physically deliver permanent emissions reductions. Insufficient solutions have been developed to deal with the uncertainties, non-permanence of carbon storage and potential emissions 'leakage' problems arising from such projects. The temporary and reversible nature of such activities would pose considerable risks in a company-based trading system and impose great liability risks on Member States. The inclusion of LULUCF projects in the ETS would require a quality of monitoring and reporting comparable to the monitoring and reporting of emissions from installations currently covered by the system. This is not available at present and is likely to incur costs which would substantially reduce the attractiveness of including such projects. The simplicity, transparency and predictability of the ETS would be considerably reduced. Moreover, the sheer quantity of potential credits entering the system could undermine the functioning of the carbon market unless their role were limited, in which case their potential benefits would become marginal.
The Commission, the Council and the European Parliament believe that global deforestation can be better addressed through other instruments. For example, using part of the proceeds from auctioning allowances in the EU ETS could generate additional means to invest in LULUCF activities both inside and outside the EU, and may provide a model for future expansion. In this respect the Commission has proposed to set up the Global Forest Carbon Mechanism that would be a performance-based system for financing reductions in deforestation levels in developing countries.
Besides those already mentioned, are there other credits that could be used in the revised ETS?
نعم فعلا. Projects in EU Member States which reduce greenhouse gas emissions not covered by the ETS could issue credits. These Community projects would need to be managed according to common EU provisions set up by the Commission in order to be tradable throughout the system. Such provisions would be adopted only for projects that cannot be realised through inclusion in the ETS. The provisions will seek to ensure that credits from Community projects do not result in double-counting of emission reductions nor impede other policy measures to reduce emissions not covered by the ETS, and that they are based on simple, easily administered rules.
Are there measures in place to ensure that the price of allowances won't fall sharply during the third trading period?
A stable and predictable regulatory framework is vital for market stability. The revised Directive makes the regulatory framework as predictable as possible in order to boost stability and rule out policy-induced volatility. Important elements in this respect are the determination of the cap on emissions in the Directive well in advance of the start of the trading period, a linear reduction factor for the cap on emissions which continues to apply also beyond 2020 and the extension of the trading period from 5 to 8 years. The sharp fall in the allowance price during the first trading period was due to over-allocation of allowances which could not be “banked” for use in the second trading period. For the second and subsequent trading periods, Member States are obliged to allow the banking of allowances from one period to the next and therefore the end of one trading period is not expected to have any impact on the price.
A new provision will apply as of 2018 in case of excessive price fluctuations in the allowance market. If, for more than six consecutive months, the allowance price is more than three times the average price of allowances during the two preceding years on the European market, the Commission will convene a meeting with Member States. If it is found that the price evolution does not correspond to market fundamentals, the Commission may either allow Member States to bring forward the auctioning of a part of the quantity to be auctioned, or allow them to auction up to 25% of the remaining allowances in the new entrant reserve.
The price of allowances is determined by supply and demand and reflects fundamental factors like economic growth, fuel prices, rainfall and wind (availability of renewable energy) and temperature (demand for heating and cooling) etc. A degree of uncertainty is inevitable for such factors. The markets, however, allow participants to hedge the risks that may result from changes in allowances prices.
Are there any provisions for linking the EU ETS to other emissions trading systems?
نعم فعلا. One of the key means to reduce emissions more cost-effectively is to enhance and further develop the global carbon market. The Commission sees the EU ETS as an important building block for the development of a global network of emission trading systems. Linking other national or regional cap-and-trade emissions trading systems to the EU ETS can create a bigger market, potentially lowering the aggregate cost of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The increased liquidity and reduced price volatility that this would entail would improve the functioning of markets for emission allowances. This may lead to a global network of trading systems in which participants, including legal entities, can buy emission allowances to fulfil their respective reduction commitments.
The EU is keen to work with the new US Administration to build a transatlantic and indeed global carbon market to act as the motor of a concerted international push to combat climate change.
While the original Directive allows for linking the EU ETS with other industrialised countries that have ratified the Kyoto Protocol, the new rules allow for linking with any country or administrative entity (such as a state or group of states under a federal system) which has established a compatible mandatory cap-and-trade system whose design elements would not undermine the environmental integrity of the EU ETS. Where such systems cap absolute emissions, there would be mutual recognition of allowances issued by them and the EU ETS.
What is a Community registry and how does it work?
Registries are standardised electronic databases ensuring the accurate accounting of the issuance, holding, transfer and cancellation of emission allowances. As a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol in its own right, the Community is also obliged to maintain a registry. This is the Community Registry, which is distinct from the registries of Member States. Allowances issued from 1 January 2018 onwards will be held in the Community registry instead of in national registries.
Will there be any changes to monitoring, reporting and verification requirements?
The Commission will adopt a new Regulation (through the comitology procedure) by 31 December 2018 governing the monitoring and reporting of emissions from the activities listed in Annex I of the Directive. A separate Regulation on the verification of emission reports and the accreditation of verifiers should specify conditions for accreditation, mutual recognition and cancellation of accreditation for verifiers, and for supervision and peer review as appropriate.
What provision will be made for new entrants into the market?
Five percent of the total quantity of allowances will be put into a reserve for new installations or airlines that enter the system after 2018 (“new entrants”). The allocations from this reserve should mirror the allocations to corresponding existing installations.
A part of the new entrant reserve, amounting to 300 million allowances, will be made available to support the investments in up to 12 demonstration projects using the carbon capture and storage technology and demonstration projects using innovative renewable energy technologies. There should be a fair geographical distribution of the projects.
In principle, any allowances remaining in the reserve shall be distributed to Member States for auctioning. The distribution key shall take into account the level to which installations in Member States have benefited from this reserve.
What has been agreed with respect to the financing of the 12 carbon capture and storage demonstration projects requested by a previous European Council?
The European Parliament's Environment Committee tabled an amendment to the EU ETS Directive requiring allowances in the new entrant reserve to be set aside in order to co-finance up to 12 demonstration projects as requested by the European Council in spring 2007. This amendment has later been extended to include also innovative renewable energy technologies that are not commercially viable yet. Projects shall be selected on the basis of objective and transparent criteria that include requirements for knowledge sharing. Support shall be given from the proceeds of these allowances via Member States and shall be complementary to substantial co-financing by the operator of the installation. No project shall receive support via this mechanism that exceeds 15% of the total number of allowances (i. e. 45 million allowances) available for this purpose. The Member State may choose to co-finance the project as well, but will in any case transfer the market value of the attributed allowances to the operator, who will not receive any allowances.
A total of 300 million allowances will therefore be set aside until 2018 for this purpose.
What is the role of an international agreement and its potential impact on EU ETS?
When an international agreement is reached, the Commission shall submit a report to the European Parliament and the Council assessing the nature of the measures agreed upon in the international agreement and their implications, in particular with respect to the risk of carbon leakage. On the basis of this report, the Commission shall then adopt a legislative proposal amending the present Directive as appropriate.
For the effects on the use of credits from Joint Implementation and Clean Development Mechanism projects, please see the reply to question 20.
What are the next steps?
Member States have to bring into force the legal instruments necessary to comply with certain provisions of the revised Directive by 31 December 2009. This concerns the collection of duly substantiated and verified emissions data from installations that will only be covered by the EU ETS as from 2018, and the national lists of installations and the allocation to each one. For the remaining provisions, the national laws, regulations and administrative provisions only have to be ready by 31 December 2018.
The Commission has already started the work on implementation. For example, the collection and analysis of data for use in relation to carbon leakage is ongoing (list of sectors due end 2009). Work is also ongoing to prepare the Regulation on timing, administration and other aspects of auctioning (due by June 2018), the harmonised allocation rules (due end 2018) and the two Regulations on monitoring and reporting of emissions and verification of emissions and accreditation of verifiers (due end 2018).

Тестирование стратегий с Trade System 2.
Трейдерам, которые не желают тратить долгое время на тестирование своих стратегий, будет крайне интересно знакомство с программой Trade System 2 . Это своеобразный тестер ручных стратегий Форекс, основное предназначение которого - тестирование любой стратегии Форекс вручную, с возможностью симулирования реальной торговли. Работа с тестером позволяет перехитрить систему и сократить время на получение достаточного опыта, который, в ином случае, пришлось бы получать неделями и месяцами, наблюдая за поведением своих стратегий в реальной торговле или на демо-счете. С Trade System 2 тестирование, на которое могло бы понадобиться несколько месяцев, можно провести за несколько часов или дней. Это тот же объем опыта, но полученный за куда более сжатые сроки.
Сразу оговоримся - Trade System 2 довольно простое программное решение, которое имеет ряд недостатков по сравнению с такими "монстрами", как уже рассмотренный ранее тестер ручных стратегий Forex Tester 2 . Но, вместе с тем, программа Trade System 2 имеет и ряд довольно существенных достоинств, которые полностью нивелируют имеющиеся недостатки. Прежде всего, это ПО полностью бесплатно – скачал, установил файлы в терминал МетаТрейдер 4 и сразу можно тестировать любую стратегию (напомним, что Forex Tester 2 – платное ПО, которое можно купить со скидкой на нашем сайте). И второе достоинство – на график тестируемой валютной пары можно добавлять любой (!) индикатор, скрипт или полуавтоматический советник. В программе Форекс Тестер этого пока сделать нельзя.
В отличие от уже рассмотренного на сайте AvtoForex. ru тестера Forex Tester 2 , Trade System 2 не является отдельным программным обеспечением. Он представлен в виде советника, который необходимо устанавливать в торговый терминал МетаТрейдер 4. Скачать архив со всеми необходимыми файлами можно по ссылке ниже. В архиве trade-system-2.rar представлены как файлы советника, так и шаблон, который потребуется в ходе подготовки к тестированию:
Скачать trade-system-2.rar [146,54 Kb] (скачиваний: 665)
Установка файлов ручного тестера в терминал МТ4 стандартная – после распаковки архива trade-system-2.rar папки \MQL4\ и \templates\ копируются в папку с установленным терминалом (в том случае, если МТ4 у вас запущен с ключом /portable ). Если же терминал запускается без этого ключа – шаблон Tester Window. tpl копируется в папку с шаблонами, а папка \MQL4\ - в каталог данных терминала. Запутались? Настоятельно рекомендуем вам ознакомиться со статьей об установке советников, скриптов и индикаторов в программу МетаТрейдер 4 – после её прочтения все вопросы отпадут сами собой!
Итак, файлы загружены в соответствующие папки терминала, перезагружаем его, открываем график необходимой валютной пары с установленной стратегией и перетягиваем на него из окна Навигатор - Пользовательские индикаторы индикатор Button Panel 1.1.ex4 :
Рис. 1. Индикатор Button Panel 1.1.ex4 в окне Навигатор .
Но, на этом этапе, при переносе индикатора ничего на графике не изменится. Эта процедура необходима нам в первую очередь для записи шаблона, который будет использоваться для тестирования выбранной стратегии в дальнейшем.
Впрочем, вы можете загрузить на график МТ4 шаблон Tester Window. tpl и уже на него установить все необходимые по вашей стратегии скрипты, индикаторы и полуавтоматические советники.
Следующим шагом кликаем правой кнопкой мыши по графику, переходим в пункт выпадающего меню Шаблоны - Сохранить шаблон , даем ему название, например, tester. tpl и сохраняем его:
Рис. 2. Сохранение шаблона для дальнейшего использования при тестировании.
Тестирование стратегий при помощи Trade System 2 .
Как же применять Форекс тренажер Trade System 2 на практике? Итак, в окне терминала Тестер стратегий Форекс выбираем из списка советник Trade System 2.30.ex4 . Перед тестированием подгружаем историю котировок необходимой валютной пары. Подробнее о том, как это сделать – читаем в статье "Тестирование индикаторов в тестере стратегий" – в ней все подробно расписано. А если коротко - нажимаем клавишу F2 , выбираем пару, минутные котировки и загружаем их.
После загрузки котировок выбираем из списка инструмент, который хотим протестировать, период тестирования, задаем скорость визуализации графика, необходимый тайм-фрейм, а также метод тестирования. Ускорить процесс можно, выбрав метод По ценам открытия . Но наиболее точные результаты все же даст режим моделирования тиков По всем тикам (можно увеличить кликом):
Рис. 3. Подготовка тестера МТ4 к тестированию ручных стратегии.
На графике мы увидим панель управления советником. А по ходу движения цены - три линии. Их необходимо отключить кликом по кнопочкам OP , SL и TP на панели управления тестированием (рисунок 4).
Тестировать в программе Trade System 2 можно абсолютно любую стратегию. При появлении сигнала по нашей стратегии ставим визуализацию на паузу, в панельке выставляем объем лота (окошко Lot на рис. 4) и прописываем желаемый ID ордера. Далее, нажатием на кнопку BUY или SELL , соответственно, открываем ордер на покупку или продажу, задаем для него размер стоп-лосса и тейк-профита при помощи соответствующих кнопок (кнопки SL и TP на рис. 4). На графике появятся линии тейк-профита и стоп-лосса - их нужно переместить на требуемые по стратегии места и зафиксировать кликом по кнопке Modify . Далее - смотрим и анализируем поведение стратегии, и тратим на это не часы, а секунды.
Для открытия новой сделки, к примеру, в обратном направлении (в зависимости от сигнала стратегии), необходимо для начала убрать оставшиеся от закрытого ордера линии SL и TP. Помните, в начале статьи мы говорили о недостатках тестера Trade System 2 ? Это – один из них. После этого необходимо кликнуть по соответствующей кнопке Sell , опять установить уровни SL, TP, зафиксировать их кликом по кнопке Modify и ждать срабатывания ордера:
Рис. 4. Панель управления советником Trade System 2 на графике.
Советник Trade System 2 позволяет управлять открытыми ордерами, перемещая их стрелочками с учетом ID номера каждого ордера. Также, с учетом ID , можно закрыть необходимую сделку кликом по кнопке Close . Кроме уже упомянутых кнопок на панели есть и другие: кнопка ОР , отвечающая за установку отложенных ордеров, и кнопка BE , отвечающая за функцию перевода ордера в безубыток.
Перед выставлением ордеров, их стоп-лосса и тейк-профита можно (и нужно!) поставить визуализацию тестера стратегий на паузу. Причем делается это не на вкладке Настройки тестера стратегий, а кликом по большой кнопке с треугольником (рис. 4). Повторный клик по этой кнопке запустит дальнейшее тестирование. Так же есть возможность задать автопаузу после каждой свечи – это делается кликом по кнопке с тремя треугольниками.
Увидеть информацию по открытым ордерам и историю сделок можно в окне Результаты вкладки тестера стратегий как во время теста, так и по его окончанию.
Тестер ручных стратегий Trade System 2 идеально подойдет как для начинающих трейдеров, так и для профи валютного рынка. Программа бесплатная, что в разы повышает к ней интерес, а также проста в использовании. Тестировать при помощи тренажера Форекс можно стратегии как со стандартными индикаторами, так и с пользовательскими – например, с помощью Trade System 2 можно легко отработать ручную стратегию Снайпер буквально за несколько дней!

Trade system 2

Trading Plans That Make Money!"
Note: This is not a get rich quick scheme or a 'black box' trading system.
From: David Jenyns - The System Design Expert.
Introducing the Ultimate Trading Systems 2.0 (UTS2.0)
Inside this amazing manual, here's just a few things you'll discover:
How to quickly and easily get started trading profitability. 3 critical components all profitable trading systems must have. The secret to mastering your discipline, confidence and psychology. How to best enter and exit your trades. What tools the professional traders use. How to prove your trading systems works, before you trade it. How to maximize your profits and minimize your loses. How to trade part time but make full time profits.
In short, you're going to learn how to consistently make more money trading.
I know my methods work and so do the hundreds of traders worldwide who have put them to the test (click here to read their testimonials). That said, don't take my word for it, the methods works so well, I have attracted the attention of numerous newsletters, newspapers and trade journals.
Even 'Smart Investor', one of Australia's most prestigious trading magazines, did a full page spread on me and my trading methods.
If you're so successful trading, why do you give your secrets away?
After chatting with my team we agreed, the minimum charge we could allow was $7 - this pretty much covers our overheads for the website and support. You'd have to agree that's very fair.
Download your copy of the UTS2.0 and learn how to get a significant trading edge over other traders. Only $7 .
Once you order, I'll immediately email you the download links for this 56 page ebook and I guarantee you'll be thrilled with it.
"I was skeptical when I looked at the title but then I started reading the book and was SPEECHLESS!
This thing is FANTASTIC! Despite the fact that I have YEARS of experience trading, I'm now using the Ultimate Trading Systems to design every new trading system!
لماذا ا؟ Because it condenses everything you need to know and do into a simple action plan ANYONE can implement.
Mark McRae. Professional Trader/Author - surefire-forex-trading.
"I think it was a great read. It summarizes a lot of things about trading with just 56 pages; other books would have been around 200 pages or more. Because every chapter/section is precise and to the point, I was able to retain most of the vital information. I would definitely recommend this book."
Much better than lots of "must-reads". After reading some trading books I think yours is the best that I read so far as it covers lots of areas with clear facts. Why reading ten other books if yours is covering all?
Of course as you put such a lot of information in your book it requires full attention when reading."
"I've been trading for four years and the combination of UTS 1.0 and TSR1 was the turning point in my trading. I personally think that both the second editions are better. The work is clearly of someone that trade as well and do not only write trading literature. The value of these documents lies in the eye of the beholder that is why only a very small % of the people reading it will reach page 54, and a even smaller % will apply it.
One very important lesson I've learned is to physically trade with real money, nothing else can teach you more or show you if you are cut out for this job. No papertrade can teach you about slippage or the mental fitness to win or lose real money. Keep up the good work."
Pieter van der Westhuizen - Moorreesburg, Soth Africa.
I felt the concept was excellent. It covered every aspect required to work up a successful trading system. All critical points were addressed. ie. trading plan, money/risk management, psychology issues, entries and exits, trading software and data providers, back testing and system metrics/performance.
I found your writing style easy to read, without being too wordy. You presented all the relevant information in a systematic way and I think most traders with some experience would identify with the realistic expectations of trading which you expressed.
Ps. I am really enjoying the OTM. It seems to be working very well, with quality content and active member postings."
Peter Reynolds - Melbourne, Australia.
"David..my name is Murray Marshall and i'm reading your new version of trading systems 2.0. The course has so much common sense and it's such an easy read because you have distilled what would be hundreds of pages into a simple but effective trading guidebook.
I wish this were around when i started 15 years and many losses ago. I know i will make all my losses back by using the guidlines presented in your manual which more than anything it "changes the way you think" which is the most important thing. Keep up the good work!"
Murray Marshall - Alberta, Canada.
I just finished reading your Ultimate Trading Systems 2.0. The reason I finished reading so quickly is that I could not put it down. As a beginner, I now have all the info I need on how to get started in Fx trading.
I have down loaded tons of info on the subject but this manual is all you need all in one book. As a beginner, I do not think you can start to Fx trade without first reading this manual to fully understand what is involved.
Thank you David."
Barry Ellis - South Africa.
"I have reviewed this Trading Manual by David Jenyns, and I'd like to say, what a great introduction to the world of trading.
David lays down the foundation for success. If you follow what he says here in this little gem, you will ultimately become a winner. It will give you an understanding of 'risk' and the ever so important 'money management', which David, in all of his material, excels in.
I would highly recommend this e-book to anyone who wants to.
Learn to Trade. Learn about pulling the trigger. Learn about managing a Trade as it progresses through to being closed out. And to learn about what's required of 'you' to be the success that 'you' want to be.
Its simple really. Don't procrastinate. Grab your copy NOW. and start the journey."
"I just finished reading Ultimate Trading Systems 2.0. I found it a very good tutorial on what a new trader should be doing before starting to trade. It stresses that a person must make plans on how he is going to develop his trading plan prior to trading.
The book not only stresses the absolute need for a trading plan, but it shows how to make one. It is an important read."
Albin Dittli - Utah, United States.
"Thank you for sending me the Ultimate Trading System. It has really helped me focus on my trading.
During the month of January I did 20 options trades. 16 profitable and 4 losers. I was typically taking profit around 30% during this testing phase. And guess what the losers were from trades I did not following my trading system. I will be following my plan from now on.
I've been searching for a trading system that works for me and all I had to do was write out what works for me and follow it. I know that by following my trading system I will get trading losses. It's just part of the business. But now I have a written plan and system to follow and my trading losses will be small.
Once again thank you for putting the time and effort into the Ultimate Trading System."
"Just wanted to comment on the book as requested. I find the material to be very usefull for new traders provided they take it to heart. I am a full time trader and have basically learned the lessons in the book after years of trial and error and thousands of $ in courses.
I believe that everybody needs to find their own sweet spot when it comes to trading system and which market they trade. for me it turned out to be the forex market and gladly, I see that the book helps new traders find their place in the trading landscape.
Keep up the good work!"
Ali Seyrafizadeh - Ontario Canada.
ممتاز! Through all the chapters, the different subjects are presented in a very simple and understandable way. You have succeeded to make them simple but not simplistic. This way allows this book to be read profitably by newbies but also by more experienced traders.
I have particularly appreciated your emphasis on the important traits the traders must develop:
will and time to learn and work patience, discipline, commitment, education, risk capital motivation and clear and detailled objectives.
The idea to write those objectives remember me this is a contract a trader makes with himself, thus it's importance.
The trading psychology is particularly enlightening. The discipline and the confidence in trading come by learning and praticing until the necessary skills become second nature. For me, this is the most important chapter in your book.
All the other chapters give an operational approach about how the trader should design a winning trading system he will feel comfortable with, in accordance with his realistic objectives. In this point of view, the comparison of several trading styles and markets are a great help.
A central chapter shows also the importance of having a trading plan with its practical, psychological and evolutionary aspects. There is then a clear description with the elements a trading plan must contain : the perfect entry, the excellent risk management and the perfect exit. These are a must.
It is also very useful to address the delicat problems of the choice of the charting software, the data providers and the broker, with clear questions and practical advises."
Eusebio Nanni - Belgium.
You have compiled a down to earth explanation of vital information. The trading experience can be either supremely rewarding, or utterly debilitating. Strict adherence to the principles discussed in your book will lay a firm foundation for ensuring a trader enjoys the rewards."
John Neave - NSW, Australia.
I really enjoyed reading UTS2.0. My first reaction to it was "56 Pages?", but once I got started I found that it was really easy reading and very informative. The book has reinforced to me the necessity of having a written trading plan, money management and back testing. I have heard these over and over, but I have never really committed to doing them. As a matter of fact, I have decided that before I make my next trade, I will finish writing my trading plan and stick to it during my trades.
They were some things that you mentioned that I find myself doing.
For example, following all those emails to see what new strategies they are offering, but as you have mentioned in the book, if I have a written plan, and have back tested my system, then there would be no need for me to go chasing after every email to see if their system is indeed better. An eye opener for me was the fact that successful trading is only 10% of the system. Maybe if I had realized this fact a while ago, I could have saved myself thousands of dollars.
I would definitely recommend this book to both beginner and experience traders. It was a good job pulling this information together."
"Ultimate Trading Systems kept me glued from beginning to end. Taking a systematic step-by-step approach, this "blueprint" discusses all the aspects of designing and implementing a trading system, and explains clearly the reasons for each decision. I found it a detailed route map to planning to trade profitably.
Early on there is an overview of what the reader wants to achieve, so that the type of trading and the financial instruments can be decided. This forces you to stop and think instead of plummeting into failure by trading in the wrong way for you. It also explains why buying an off-the-shelf system may not be a good choice.
The chapter on entries puts the topic in perspective, by quoting from Van Tharp. This is a lesson that many traders have still to learn. I like the way snippets of MetaStock code illustrate clearly how to set up a system to screen for potentially profitable trades.
UTS covers every aspect of trading, including selecting software and the broker, and emphasizes the importance of back testing to prove the trading system. I particularly like the way that each chapter finishes with actions to be taken, to ensure that the content is understood and implemented. It's useful to have links to additional information which elaborates on the lessons.
An easy read but packed with content, this blueprint is one I will refer to again and again. It gives clear direction on every aspect to becoming a successful trader."
Alan Northcott - alannorthcott.
The best comprehensive informative guide to Trading I have read. A must read for all newbies to trading. Nothing you have said is "new" but you have presented it in a clear concise manner that anyone should understand.
I particularly like your constant reinforcement of the system process, discipline and managing emotions - the most difficult challange for all traders.
I also like your coaching through the need to develop one's personal trading plan aligned to one's own personality and goals.
A great publication I would recommend to all traders - newbies to learn and oldies to reinforce the basics which can so often be lost."
John Venning - Australia.
"Thank you for this chance to look over 2.0 I was already reviewing my basic methods, so this was just the right time.
Presentation is accurate and concise, giving to me at least a feeling that successful trading is achievable. I like the way that links are set out, right where you need them not in some list at the end of the 56 pages.
يحتوى. The need for focus and discipline is clear. However you do mention a time scale, 3 months I recall. I do not agree with setting a time to learn to trade as it depends on so many factors: mindset, inteligence, time available, family pressures . all kinds of stuff.
استنتاج. I like David's writing and methodolgy. It has helped a great deal on my path to become a trader. I still have a way to go, hence the need to keep track of the core plan."
Chris Blomfield - Warwick, England.
The book is comprehensive and direct to the point with references to other authors. It is obvious that David has done a lot of research and has personal experience which he is passing on to other investors.
The part of back testing might be difficult to grasp, but in reality is true, one is always looking for a system with more winning trades, but as pointed out might not be the most profitable system.
I believe the UTS 2.0 will definitely be of great assistance to traders, especially someone new to the markets will realise it takes a lot of discipline and hard work to achieve success."
Derick Brooks - South Africa.
"One of the most comprehensive ebooks I have ever read. It covers all of the most important pieces that the newer and not so newer traders should take notice of if they are to succeed in the trading world.
Congratulations David, I would certainly recommend this product to anyone who is considering entering a career in trading."
Geoff Lowes - Austraila.
"I've completed my first read-thru of the book, I generaly like to treat books like this as textbooks so my study involves several read thru's before application.
I think you've made me realise how much time I've wasted trying to perfrect enrty, trying to create my own system as well. Not that my system was useless, but just by playing arround with a few built in system's inmetastock and applying the simple rules in your system I've improved results dramatically compared to the system I'm currently trading. I've not traded any of the system's live yet as I want to complete my study of the book and then spend time back testing and confirming the system I'd like to go forward with.
Under money management I think I've also had an "aha" moment; I never had position sizing in place and back testing some of your suggestions has also revealed that there is a lot of merit in considering it for my own system.
I'd definitely recommend this book for any who serious about becoming successful at trading. ومثل.
Masizane Marivate - South Africa.
You have bring me to another angle to view what is trading. Especially 20:80 rules, and how important on back-testing. These are the pieces I miss in my puzzle.
Thanks for your reminder and I believe I will do better afterward for my trading.
Keep your good job, David!"
Siew Wai Yow - Malaysia.
"I was favorably impressed with the e-book. The author lays out the correct mindset of what it takes to become a trader and offers excellent, time tested advice about defining your goals, setting up a trading plan, the role psychology and discipline play and much more. Along the way reference is made to good perspective to take from the likes of Dr. Van Tharp, Warren Buffet, and more.
The need for a trading plan, discipline and self control are stressed. The necessity of self knowledge is addressed.
"There is one common element amongst all successful traders: they have a systematic way they approach the market. This approach is unique. In reality, no two people have exactly the same amount of money, tolerance for risk, personality, time or experience. Therefore, the key to success is to design a system that is suited for you."
This crucial fact alone is worth the price of this e-book. This reality takes time to develop. Again self knowledge is key. One can't gain this information overnight. Practice, patience and discipline are key.
The no nonsense, down to earth advice about a realistic path to trading success. No pie in the sky instant riches nonsense here. A well founded trading plan is the key. That plan includes tested and trusted entries and exits. but above all, it includes a strong awareness of money management as the real keys to the kingdom.
I have found the advice about money management and psychology to be most helpful. Entries and exits are only a small part of the puzzle. You want to develop a long term, sustainable trading profession. A good money management plan encompasses discipline and patience. This is serious stuff and not gambling. The only way to treat it as such is to stick to time tested MM principles and not waver.
This work is a great introduction and overview to the idea of trading. It lays out in clear, responsible detail what it takes to become a successful trader and skips all of the pie in the sky hype. ومثل.
Jerry Nevins - Redding, CT, USA.
"A well written book with all relevant information I wish I had known about at the beginning of entering the world of trading. Not too over technical and only at the correct points, this ebook is written in a common sense way which I feel would not belittle anyone or their interlect. It is a well balanced book in approaching all aspects of the subject matter. I would have no hesitation in recommending this ebook to all thinking of or indeed into trading, regardless of their level of experience.
Well done David and thank you. ومثل.
"The Ultimate Trading Systems 2 should be the traders bible or maybe stitched to the traders sleeve. It's well written in easy to understand language. I would recommend it as a must read."
This totally blows your previous manual out of the water. I especially liked the ' M & M 's : Mind set & Money management, it's clear, concise & informative, if people treated trading as their business there would be more profitable traders. This manual clearly addresses this problem & I would recommend UTS 2.0 to everyone."
Degenkolbe - New Zealand.
The manual is well written, very informative and concise. It gives traders a very good idea of what it takes and what is required to be a professional profitable trader.
The manual covers all aspects of trading and highlights the importance of having a good and robust trading plan.
The manual is easy to read and can easily be implemented by all traders very quickly. The manual stresses that there are no magic bullets out there and no holy grail, however success can be achieved by following a strict trading plan, with limiting your risk and drawdown to a low acceptable level.
This manual is an excellent resource for newer traders and it should give them the fundamentals of trading successfully, without spending thousands of dollars on "sercet trading tactics" which promise to make you rich, however never do.
Well done David. This is a great resource."
Alan Lowenstein - Australia.
"Ah Ha! It took me longer than expected to read UTS2.0 cause its interesting and get me attached to read through, something I originally just planned to skim on --- I must be honest :)
I love UTS2.0, UTS1.0 is good but its like point form and UTS2.0 is more solid with loads of explanation of the concepts and why they are importants.
Kudos David, I will recommend it to my traders group once you release it official."
Henry Lin - Hong Kong.
"I think you have produced a very useful document outlining the key issues associated with successful trading. Your emphasis on the importance of having the right mindset (namely, removing emotion from trading decisions) and proper money management is spot on. You walk the reader through everything necessary to establish a trading business from trading plan through to software selection, back testing and selecting a broker.
The resources and action steps you provide at the end of each chapter are also very useful and motivating. All told, a great document for the beginner and a good refresher for the more experienced."
Dr. Vic Smith - Australia.
This book is what all experienced traders wish they had at the beginning of their trading careers. It covers all the essential topic's in a general way that should save a lot of time to new traders if they take the information onboard.
As a trader and a keen golfer I find many similarities between the two and it helped me enormously in my early trading days to get on top of both golf & تجارة.
ie In golf & trading you must do the basic things correctly Golf = grip, stance, posture Trading = Research, plan, act.
Beyond this point every golfer and trader differ in their actions to get the job done as every individual develops their own golf swing and the same applies to trading methods.
My point is their is no holy grail that will suit everyone, it is essential to develop your own stile around your personality and abilities, therefore I feel all books should pay a high propriety to this fact early in their content, so clients know they need to access and know themselves at the beginning of their journey, this will start them in the correct direction and simplify the whole process of understanding what is required to be successful."
"Hi David, In these days of mega-information overload, it is refreshing and quite delightful to read a compact, concise and very readable "big picture" overview of how to trade the markets and make money. It is relatively easy for anyone ( self included) to know a lot about a small part of the story; without having the overview that your book offers. So, well done and all power to you.
Congratulations and Kind regards."
John Corcoran - Australia.
"First of all I like your book and want to thank you for sharing it. I agree with most what you said. In fact, I have said the same thing to my less expereinced friend. I learned long time ago similar lessons from Dr. Elder's books on trading. I used the term "3 M" system: Mind, Methodology and Money Management. I believe all three are equally important, like the three legs of a stool. The stool will fall if any of the 3 M is missing. It seems to me you empha.
I learn a few things from reading your ebook such as setting the exit at LL(x) and the formalizeing the three parts of a trading plan.
In my opinion, this ebook is more helpful to experienced traders (good or bad), but less so to the new ones. The developing of a trading system is too short. I wish there would have had more on the technical discussion of the system. The use of helpful and simple indicators are not mentioned.
Trading systems for short term vs long term need to be explained a bit more."
"I want to compliment you on the easy to read writing style you have adopted throughout the book. In my search for what you describe as the "Holy Grail" I have read a lot of material over the past few years and I consider your efforts to be concise and very much to the point."
I found the read very informative. It also made me realise that it is no good wasting time trying out every new method that comes along.
I avidly read your e-mails and look forward to receiving more, especially anything relating to this recent book. It was a very good read, easy to understand with lots of useful tips. many thanks for allowing me to read your book and hopefully it will start me on the road to proper trading."
"I am very excited about this eBook and I feel that if I had this when I first started trading it would have saved me a lot of time, effort and money trying to figure everything out.
What I liked the most is the practical angle that you took in guiding your readers step by step and recommending materials to read and study.
Although I did not specifically started to use it, it is already part of my approach but I am using it to sharpen my plan and re-evaluate my process. This will take some time.
Herman du Toit - South Africa.
"I have read UTS 2.0 & it does set out well & simply the guidelines for formulating a trading/investing plan which I am currently doing. Thank you for offering it to me it has been very helpful."
"I wish i had this document when i started trading. Well, i most probably would have gone through the whole proses that i did to become what i did in any case, i would not have believed your document in any case. Today after 8 years i do believe your document because i know what i know.
Money/risk management and correct analysis of system is critical and cannot be emphasized enough.
Great document thanks."
Henri Coetzer - South Africa.
"Brilliant ! I am working through it again because I have made many of the mistakes you warn against. It is the best way of starting trading. The most valuable part to me was to again realise how important the psychology of trading is. I went down the road of the indicators and technicals and got so involved with that part that I became more and more ineffective trading. Not that I was loosing that much but I was missing out of so many trades because I did not follow my trading plan. Always second guessing it. Second major mistake was trading with mental stop rather than predefined stop-loss.
Thanks for great resource."
I started learning Forex when I stumbled over UTS 1. It has been THE source of information and reference for me ever since. UTS 2 has taken a very good manual 1 step further. It is now more concise and better structured then the first one. I personally love the tasks you give the reader at the end of every chapter. You are definately the one source of information which helped me the most in becoming a Trader."
"An excellent blueprint for those new to the game, or for the more experienced yet to achieve success. You are one of a small group of providers who outline an approach that if followed has a high degree of safety. I like the focus on the mind and money management."
As usual, a great work!!
Vary interesting, well edited; most of it is very simple to understand and the most important thing, it sound very reliable. In contrary to lot of stuff that is offered over the internet, your system, to me, sounds the most trustable and reliable one.
As I have told you in the past, I admire you for your charisma and initiative skill. You are always driving yourself one step further and helping others on the way."
“Wow! I have read countless trading books and honestly this is the first ever book that really takes me to a level of a professional trader. The step by step instructions are fantastic and I'm absolutely sure that anybody, whether they have been long in this business or newcomers, will raise themselves to a professional level should they follow your clear and concise instructions.
I'm myself is a living proof. I just couldn't believe myself that I'm really trading like a pro after following your specific instructions on how to become a successful traders. My trading satisfaction, not to mention my profitability, improves significantly. I wouldn't trade this book with any other books in this world. A real classic.”
Khairi A Wahab - Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
"Whenever I receive information from David, I have come to trust it as concise, current and excellent practical information which I can use immediately. David has once again produced an excellent condensed guide in "Ultimate Trading Systems" containing many valuable insights and pointers to becoming a successful trader.
Thank you for the Ultimate Trading Systems. I have followed and committed your to your Step-by-Step Instructions. It taught me true money management and more importantly it taught me how to use stop loss orders to minimize losses.
This is the strategy I was waiting for. I have already started to implement your suggestions and I can see it working. Thank you very much again.”
"The Ultimate Trading System by David is truly the most comprehensive and practical course available in the market, covering all the key winning aspects to the development of a sound and robust trading system.
The entire package is simply awesome! How I wish I had this course when I first started in the world of trading. Thanks for sharing so much vital information in your indispensable and highly recommended course. Thanks again, David!"
Terence Tan KB - Singapore.
I’ve finished reading Ultimate Trading System and I’m impressed by it. It is a must-have manual for anyone who wants to become a successful trader, but does not know the way. Each lesson is an easy read and comes with specific action steps that, when followed faithfully, will lead a complete novice to the path of becoming a professional trader.
This manual debunks many myths held by so many unsuccessful traders and leads you to various resources you’ll need to trade successfully. I will definitely recommend this manual to anyone who is new or have been running in circles trying to profit from their trading activities.”
After reading your 'Ultimate Trading Systems' ebook, I found that it tells the truth in trading. Simply the best book I ever read about trading the market! شكر!
This is the strategy I was waiting for. I have already started to implement your suggestions and I can see it working. Thank you very much again.”
"Excellent! All successful traders say you need to develop your own trading system based on your own personality . but there are very few books on the market that show you how to actually do this. Finally here is an easy to follow, step-by-step process that will allow anyone to develop their own successful system."
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"I found it very informative and easy to read. Even though I have my own trading plan which I've used with success I'm always looking for ways to improve it. At this stage I'm generally pretty happy with my plan but I'll no doubt incorporate aspects of your plan into mine after I've re-read it a few times."
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Thread: Suggestion for trade system.
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- List is still jumping. Don't eliminate the expired offers, just shade them red like the "Deals I can't afford".
- Too few offers can be seen at the same time. It's virtually impossible to get an impression of what sells for how much with only four (4!!) offers visible at the same time. We need to see more or trading will be more of a lottery than anything else.
the old one have it and the new one too.
sort by name, show:
A-Z follow by a-z, but this should be:
مثلا I search for a trade from a friend or a guild member,
Martin123 or martin123? I can remember that m/Martin123 is a guild member, but with m or M? I don't know and must always look at two places, the upper and the lower part of the list.
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لا تستطيع إضافة مواضيع جديدة لا تستطيع الرد على المواضيع لا تستطيع إرفاق ملفات لا تستطيع تعديل مشاركاتك.
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